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Chapter XVIII78 verses

अथाष्टादशोऽध्यायः

मोक्षसंन्यासयोगः

The Yoga of the Renunciation of Liberation

Mokṣa-saṁnyāsa-yoga

Abandon all dharmas and take refuge in the Beloved alone; he will deliver thee from all sin and evil: grieve not, and rejoice again and again. — The Delight of Krishna

The soul enters in
oṃ tat sat — sacrifice, gift and askesis offered to the Real
and is led towards
mām ekaṃ śaraṇaṃ vraja — refuge in the Divine alone, and a delight that rejoices again and again
Begin at 18 · 1 Play chapter

Recitations

  1. Swami Sarvagananda ji0:00
  2. Ashit Desai0:00
In this chapter

78 verses

Summary of chapter 18

I. The Gunas. Mind and Works (1-39)

The Glta enters Into a summary psychological anatysls of the mental powers before it proceeds to its great finale, the highest secret which is that of a spiritual exceeding of all dharrnas.

II. Swabhava and Swadharma (40-48)

In this section the Gita deals with an incidental question of great importance - the ancient social idea of chaturvamya, which was a very different thing from the present day caste system.

III. Towards the Supreme Secret (49-58)

In this section the Gita re-states the body of its message.

IV. The Supreme Secret (57-78)

The essence of the teaching and the Yoga has thus been given to the disciple and the divine Teacher now proceeds to apply to his action. Attached to a crucial example, spoken to the protagonist of Kurukshetra, the words bear a much wider significance and are a universal rule for all who are ready to ascend above the ordinary mentality and to live and act in the highest spiritual consciousness.

Chapter 18 illustration, titled मोक्षसंन्यासयोगः
Illustration · Sushanto Nath, Sri Aurobindo Society

Chapter outline

Choose a range to read just those verses.

  1. 18·1–12sannyésa and mega differentiated; three qualities of tyéga.
  2. 18·13–17The five determinants of Action.
  3. 18·18–28The Knowledge, the Action, the Deer according to the three Gunas.
  4. 18·29–35Intelligence and persistence of will according to the three Gunas.
  5. 18·36–39Pleasures according to the three Gunas.
  6. 18·40–48The specific works of the four types of people (caturvarnva); Spiritual perfection through and according to one's own nature and work.
  7. 18·49–58Rightly oriented spiritual discipline culminating in bhakti.
  8. 18·59–60The force of personal nature.
  9. 18·61–63The all governing God within; integral surrender to Him.
  10. 18·64–66The supreme Word of the Master.
  11. 18·67–73The importance of the secret Knowledge of the Gita; Arjuna's complete rehabilitation and his pledge to do the Divine's bidding.
  12. 18·74–78Sanjava's thrilling recollections and his conviction regarding glory and victory to the Lord with His hero disciple.
  13. 18·1–78Show all 78 verses

The verses

Arjuna uvācaअर्जुन उवाच

  1. 18·1संन्यासस्य महाबाहो तत्त्वमिच्छामि वेदितुम् । त्यागस्य च हृषीकेश पृथक्केशिनिषूदन ॥ १ ॥saṁnyāsasya mahābāho tattvamicchāmi veditum, tyāgasya ca hṛṣīkeśa pṛthakkeśiniṣūdana.I desire, O mighty-armed, to know the principle of Sannyasa and the principle of Tyaga, O Hrishikesha, and…

Śrī Bhagavān uvācaश्रीभगवानुवाच

  1. 18·2काम्यानां कर्मणां न्यासं संन्यासं कवयो विदुः । सर्वकर्मफलत्यागं प्राहुस्त्यागं विचक्षणाः ॥ २ ॥kāmyānāṁ karmaṇāṁ nyāsaṁ saṁnyāsaṁ kavayo viduḥ, sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṁ prāhustyāgaṁ vicakṣaṇāḥ.Sages have known as Sannyasa the physical depositing (or laying aside) of desirable actions…
  2. 18·3त्याज्यं दोषवदित्येके कर्म प्राहुर्मनीषिणः । यज्ञदानतपःकर्म न त्याज्यमिति चापरे ॥ ३ ॥tyājyaṁ doṣavadityeke karma prāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ, yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyamiti cāpare.“All action should be relinquished as an evil”, declare some learned men…
  3. 18·4निश्चयं शृणु मे तत्र त्यागे भरतसत्तम । त्यागो हि पुरुषव्याघ्र त्रिविधः सम्प्रकीर्तितः ॥ ४ ॥niścayaṁ śṛṇu me tatra tyāge bharatasattama, tyāgo hi puruṣavyāghra trividhaḥ samprakīrtitaḥ.Hear my conclusions as to renunciation (Tyaga), O best of the Bharatas…
  4. 18·5यज्ञदानतपःकर्म न त्याज्यं कार्यमेव तत् । यज्ञो दानं तपश्चैव पावनानि मनीषिणाम् ॥ ५ ॥yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyaṁ kāryameva tat, yajño dānaṁ tapaścaiva pāvanāni manīṣiṇām.Acts of sacrifice, giving and askesis ought not to be renounced at all, but should be performed, for they…
  5. 18·6एतान्यपि तु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलानि च । कर्तव्यानीति मे पार्थ निश्चितं मतमुत्तमम् ॥ ६ ॥etānyapi tu karmāṇi saṅgaṁ tyaktvā phalāni ca, kartavyānīti me pārtha niścitaṁ matamuttamam.Even these actions certainly ought to be done, O Partha, leaving aside attachment and fruit.
  6. 18·7नियतस्य तु संन्यासः कर्मणो नोपपद्यते । मोहात्तस्य परित्यागस्तामसः परिकीर्तितः ॥ ७ ॥niyatasya tu saṁnyāsaḥ karmaṇo nopapadyate, mohāttasya parityāgastāmasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ.Verily, renunciation of tightly regulated actions is not proper, to renounce them from ignorance is a tamasic…
  7. 18·8दुःखमित्येव यत्कर्म कायक्लेशभयात्त्यजेत् । स कृत्वा राजसं त्यागं नैव त्यागफलं लभेत् ॥ ८ ॥duḥkhamityeva yatkarma kāyakleśabhayāttyajet, sa kṛtvā rājasaṁ tyāgaṁ naiva tyāgaphalaṁ labhet.He who gives up works because they bring sorrow or are trouble to the flesh, thus doing rajasic renunciation…
  8. 18·9कार्यमित्येव यत्कर्म नियतं क्रियतेऽर्जुन । सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलं चैव स त्यागः सात्त्विको मतः ॥ ९ ॥kāryamityeva yatkarma niyataṁ kriyate’rjuna, saṅgaṁ tyaktvā phalaṁ caiva sa tyāgaḥ sāttviko mataḥ.He who performs a rightly regulated action, because it has to be done, without any attachment either to the…
  9. 18·10न द्वेष्ट्यकुशलं कर्म कुशले नानुषज्जते । त्यागी सत्त्वसमाविष्टो मेधावी छिन्नसंशयः ॥ १० ॥na dveṣṭyakuśalaṁ karma kuśale nānuṣajjate, tyāgī sattvasamāviṣṭo medhāvī chinnasaṁśayaḥ.The wise man with doubts cast away, who renounces in the light of the full sattwic mind, has no aversion to…
  10. 18·11न हि देहभृता शक्यं त्यक्तुं कर्माण्यशेषतः । यस्तु कर्मफलत्यागी स त्यागीत्यभिधीयते ॥ ११ ॥na hi dehabhṛtā śakyaṁ tyaktuṁ karmāṇyaśeṣataḥ, yastu karmaphalatyāgī sa tyāgītyabhidhīyate.Nor indeed can embodied beings renounce all works; verily he who gives up the fruit of action, he is said to…
  11. 18·12अनिष्टमिष्टं मिश्रं च त्रिविधं कर्मणः फलम् । भवत्यत्यागिनां प्रेत्य न तु संन्यासिनां क्वचित् ॥ १२ ॥aniṣṭamiṣṭaṁ miśraṁ ca trividhaṁ karmaṇaḥ phalam, bhavatyatyāgināṁ pretya na tu saṁnyāsināṁ kvacit.The three kinds of result, pleasant, unpleasant and mixed, in this or other worlds, in this or another life…
  12. 18·13पञ्चैतानि महाबाहो कारणानि निबोध मे । साङ्ख्ये कृतान्ते प्रोक्तानि सिद्धये सर्वकर्मणाम् ॥ १३ ॥pañcaitāni mahābāho kāraṇāni nibodha me, sāṅkhye kṛtānte proktāni siddhaye sarvakarmaṇām.These five causes, O mighty-armed, learn of Me as laid down by the Sankhya for the accomplishment of all works.
  13. 18·14अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम् । विविधाश्च पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पञ्चमम् ॥ १४ ॥adhiṣṭhānaṁ tathā kartā karaṇaṁ ca pṛthagvidham, vividhāśca pṛthakceṣṭā daivaṁ caivātra pañcamam.These five are the body, the doer, the various instruments, the many kinds of efforts, and last, the Fate.
  14. 18·15शरीरवाङ्मनोभिर्यत्कर्म प्रारभते नरः । न्याय्यं वा विपरीतं वा पञ्चैते तस्य हेतवः ॥ १५ ॥śarīravāṅmanobhiryatkarma prārabhate naraḥ, nyāyyaṁ vā viparītaṁ vā pañcaite tasya hetavaḥ.These five elements make up among them all the efficient causes, that determine the shaping and outcome of…
  15. 18·16तत्रैवं सति कर्तारमात्मानं केवलं तु यः । पश्यत्यकृतबुद्धित्वान्न स पश्यति दुर्मतिः ॥ १६ ॥tatraivaṁ sati kartāramātmānaṁ kevalaṁ tu yaḥ, paśyatyakṛtabuddhitvānna sa paśyati durmatiḥ.That being so, he verily who, owing to ignorant understanding, looketh on the pure Self as the doer, he of…
  16. 18·17यस्य नाहङ्कृतो भावो बुद्धिर्यस्य न लिप्यते । हत्वाऽपि स इमाँल्लोकान्न हन्ति न निबध्यते ॥ १७ ॥yasya nāhaṅkṛto bhāvo buddhiryasya na lipyate, hatvā’pi sa imāṁllokān na hanti na nibadhyate.He who is free from the ego-sense, whose intelligence is not affected, though he slay these peoples, he…
  17. 18·18ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं परिज्ञाता त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना । करणं कर्म कर्तेति त्रिविधः कर्मसङ्ग्रहः ॥ १८ ॥jñānaṁ jñeyaṁ parijñātā trividhā karmacodanā, karaṇaṁ karma karteti trividhaḥ karmasaṅgrahaḥ.Knowledge, the object of knowledge and the knower, these three things constitute the mental impulsion to work…
  18. 18·19ज्ञानं कर्म च कर्ता च त्रिधैव गुणभेदतः । प्रोच्यते गुणसङ्ख्याने यथावच्छृणु तान्यपि ॥ १९ ॥jñānaṁ karma ca kartā ca tridhaiva guṇabhedataḥ, procyate guṇasaṅkhyāne yathāvacchṛṇu tānyapi.Knowledge, work and doer are of three kinds, says the Sankhya, according to the difference in the Gunas…
  19. 18·20सर्वभूतेषु येनैकं भावमव्ययमीक्षते । अविभक्तं विभक्तेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि सात्त्विकम् ॥ २० ॥sarvabhūteṣu yenaikaṁ bhāvamavyayamīkṣate, avibhaktaṁ vibhakteṣu tajjñānaṁ viddhi sāttvikam.That by which one imperishable being is seen in all becoming, one indivisible whole in all these divisions…
  20. 18·21पृथक्त्वेन तु यज्ज्ञानं नानाभावान्पृथग्विधान् । वेत्ति सर्वेषु भूतेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि राजसम् ॥ २१ ॥pṛthaktvena tu yajjñānaṁ nānābhāvānpṛthagvidhān, vetti sarveṣu bhūteṣu tajjñānaṁ viddhi rājasam.But that knowledge which sees the multiplicity of things only in their separateness and variety of operation…
  21. 18·22यत्तु कृत्स्नवदेकस्मिन्कार्ये सक्तमहैतुकम् । अतत्त्वार्थवदल्पं च तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥ २२ ॥yattu kṛtsnavadekasminkārye saktamahaitukam, atattvārthavadalpaṁ ca tattāmasamudāhṛtam.The tamasic knowledge is a small and narrow way of looking at things which has no eye for the real nature of…
  22. 18·23नियतं सङ्गरहितमरागद्वेषतः कृतम् । अफलप्रेप्सुना कर्म यत्तत्सात्त्विकमुच्यते ॥ २३ ॥niyataṁ saṅgarahitamarāgadveṣataḥ kṛtam, aphalaprepsunā karma yattatsāttvikamucyateAn action which is rightly regulated, performed without attachment, without liking or disliking (for its spur…
  23. 18·24यत्तु कामेप्सुना कर्म साहङ्कारेण वा पुनः । क्रियते बहुलायासं तद्राजसमुदाहृतम् ॥ २४ ॥yattu kāmepsunā karma sāhaṅkāreṇa vā punaḥ, kriyate bahulāyāsaṁ tadrājasamudāhṛtam.But that action which a man undertakes under the dominion of desire, or with an egoistic sense of his own…
  24. 18·25अनुबन्धं क्षयं हिंसामनवेक्ष्य च पौरुषम् । मोहादारभ्यते कर्म यत्तत्तामसमुच्यते ॥ २५ ॥anubandhaṁ kṣayaṁ hiṁsāmanavekṣya ca pauruṣam, mohādārabhyate karma yattattāmasamucyate.The action undertaken from delusion (in mechanical obedience to the instincts, impulsions and unseeing ideas)…
  25. 18·26मुक्तसङ्गोऽनहंवादी धृत्युत्साहसमन्वितः । सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योर्निर्विकारः कर्ता सात्त्विक उच्यते ॥ २६ ॥muktasaṅgo’nahaṁvādī dhṛtyutsāhasamanvitaḥ, siddhyasiddhyornirvikāraḥ kartā sāttvika ucyate.Free from attachment, free from egoism, full of a fixed (impersonal) resolution and a calm rectitude of zeal…
  26. 18·27रागी कर्मफलप्रेप्सुर्लुब्धो हिंसात्मकोऽशुचिः । हर्षशोकान्वितः कर्ता राजसः परिकीर्तितः ॥ २७ ॥rāgī karmaphalaprepsurlubdho hiṁsātmako’śuciḥ, harṣaśokānvitaḥ kartā rājasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ.Eagerly attached to the work, passionately desirous of fruit, greedy, impure, often violent and cruel and…
  27. 18·28अयुक्तः प्राकृतः स्तब्धः शठो नैष्कृतिकोऽलसः । विषादी दीर्घसूत्री च कर्ता तामस उच्यते ॥ २८ ॥ayuktaḥ prākṛtaḥ stabdhaḥ śaṭho naiṣkṛtiko’lasaḥ, viṣādī dīrghasūtrī ca kartā tāmasa ucyate.One who acts with a mechanical mind (who does not put himself really into the work), is stupid, obstinate…
  28. 18·29बुद्धेर्भेदं धृतेश्चैव गुणतस्त्रिविधं शृणु । प्रोच्यमानमशेषेण पृथक्त्वेन धनञ्जय ॥ २९ ॥buddherbhedaṁ dhṛteścaiva guṇatastrividhaṁ śṛṇu, procyamānamaśeṣeṇa pṛthaktvena dhanañjaya.Reason as also persistence are of three kinds according to the qualities…
  29. 18·30प्रवृत्तिं च निवृत्तिं च कार्याकार्ये भयाभये । बन्धं मोक्षं च या वेत्ति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ सात्त्विकी ॥ ३० ॥pravṛttiṁ ca nivṛttiṁ ca kāryākārye bhayābhaye, bandhaṁ mokṣaṁ ca yā vetti buddhiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī.That which sees the law of action and the law of abstention from action, the thing that is to be done and the…
  30. 18·31यया धर्ममधर्मं च कार्यं चाकार्यमेव च । अयथावत्प्रजानाति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ राजसी ॥ ३१ ॥yayā dharmamadharmaṁ ca kāryaṁ cākāryameva ca, ayathāvatprajānāti buddhiḥ sā pārtha rājasī.That by which one knows awry right and wrong and also what should or should not be done, that understanding, O…
  31. 18·32अधर्मं धर्ममिति या मन्यते तमसावृता । सर्वार्थान्विपरीतांश्च बुद्धिः सा पार्थ तामसी ॥ ३२ ॥adharmaṁ dharmamiti yā manyate tamasāvṛtā, sarvārthānviparītāṁśca buddhiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī.That which, enveloped in darkness, takes what is not the true law and upholds it as the law and sees all…
  32. 18·33धृत्या यया धारयते मनःप्राणेन्द्रियक्रियाः । योगेनाव्यभिचारिण्या धृतिः सा पार्थ सात्त्विकी ॥ ३३ ॥dhṛtyā yayā dhārayate manaḥprāṇendriyakriyāḥ, yogenāvyabhicāriṇyā dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī.That unwavering persistence by which, through Yoga, One controls the mind, the senses and the life, that…
  33. 18·34यया तु धर्मकामार्थान्धृत्या धारयतेऽर्जुन । प्रसङ्गेन फलाकाङ्क्षी धृतिः सा पार्थ राजसी ॥ ३४ ॥yayā tu dharmakāmārthāndhṛtyā dhārayate’rjuna, prasaṅgena phalākāṅkṣī dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha rājasī.That, O Arjuna, by which one holdeth fast right and justice (Dharma), interest (Artha) and pleasure (Kama)…
  34. 18·35यया स्वप्नं भयं शोकं विषादं मदमेव च । न विमुञ्चति दुर्मेधा धृतिः सा पार्थ तामसी ॥ ३५ ॥yayā svapnaṁ bhayaṁ śokaṁ viṣādaṁ madameva ca, na vimuñcati durmedhā dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī.That by which one from ignorance doth not abandon sleep, fear, grief, depression, and also pride, that…
  35. 18·36सुखं त्विदानीं त्रिविधं शृणु मे भरतर्षभ । अभ्यासाद्रमते यत्र दुःखान्तं च निगच्छति ॥ ३६ ॥sukhaṁ tvidānīṁ trividhaṁ śṛṇu me bharatarṣabha, abhyāsādramate yatra duḥkhāntaṁ ca nigacchati.And now the threefold kinds of pleasure hear thou from Me, O bull of the Bharatas.
  36. 18·37यत्तदग्रे विषमिव परिणामेऽमृतोपमम् । तत्सुखं सात्त्विकं प्रोक्तमात्मबुद्धिप्रसादजम् ॥ ३७ ॥yattadagre viṣamiva pariṇāme’mṛtopamam, tatsukhaṁ sāttvikaṁ proktamātmabuddhiprasādajam.That which at first is as poison but in the end is as nectar…
  37. 18·38विषयेन्द्रियसंयोगाद्यत्तदग्रेऽमृतोपमम् । परिणामे विषमिव तत्सुखं राजसं स्मृतम् ॥ ३८ ॥viṣayendriyasaṁyogādyattadagre’mṛtopamam, pariṇāme viṣamiva tatsukhaṁ rājasaṁ smṛtam.That which is born from the contact of the senses with their objects, which at first is as nectar, but in the…
  38. 18·39यदग्रे चानुबन्धे च सुखं मोहनमात्मनः । निद्रालस्यप्रमादोत्थं तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥ ३९ ॥yadagre cānubandhe ca sukhaṁ mohanamātmanaḥ, nidrālasyapramādotthaṁ tattāmasamudāhṛtam.That pleasure of which delusion is the beginning and delusion is the consequence, which arises from sleep…
  39. 18·40न तदस्ति पृथिव्यां वा दिवि देवेषु वा पुनः । सत्त्वं प्रकृतिजैर्मुक्तं यदेभिः स्यात्त्रिभिर्गुणैः ॥ ४० ॥na tadasti pṛthivyāṁ vā divi deveṣu vā punaḥ, sattvaṁ prakṛtijairmuktaṁ yadebhiḥ syāttribhirguṇaiḥ.There is not an entity, either on the earth or again in heaven among the gods, that is not subject to the…
  40. 18·41ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशां शूद्राणां च परन्तप । कर्माणि प्रविभक्तानि स्वभावप्रभवैर्गुणैः ॥ ४१ ॥brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśāṁ śūdrāṇāṁ ca parantapa, karmāṇi pravibhaktāni svabhāvaprabhavairguṇaiḥ.The works of Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras are divided according to the qualities (Gunas) born of…
  41. 18·42शमो दमस्तपः शौचं क्षान्तिरार्जवमेव च । ज्ञानं विज्ञानमास्तिक्यं ब्रह्मकर्म स्वभावजम् ॥ ४२ ॥śamo damastapaḥ śaucaṁ kṣāntirārjavameva ca, jñānaṁ vijñānamāstikyaṁ brahmakarma svabhāvajam.Calm, self-control, askesis, purity, long-suffering, candour, knowledge, acceptance of spiritual truth are the…
  42. 18·43शौर्यं तेजो धृतिर्दाक्ष्यं युद्धे चाप्यपलायनम् । दानमीश्वरभावश्च क्षात्रं कर्म स्वभावजम् ॥ ४३ ॥śauryaṁ tejo dhṛtirdākṣyaṁ yuddhe cāpyapalāyanam, dānamīśvarabhāvaśca kṣātraṁ karma svabhāvajam.Heroism, high spirit, resolution, ability, not fleeing in the battle, giving, lordship īśvarabhāva, the…
  43. 18·44कृषिगौरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं वैश्यकर्म स्वभावजम् । परिचर्यात्मकं कर्म शूद्रस्यापि स्वभावजम् ॥ ४४ ॥kṛṣigaurakṣyavāṇijyaṁ vaiśyakarma svabhāvajam, paricaryātmakaṁ karma śūdrasyāpi svabhāvajam.Agriculture, cattle-keeping, trade inclusive of the labour of the craftsman and the artisan are the natural…
  44. 18·45स्वे स्वे कर्मण्यभिरतः संसिद्धिं लभते नरः । स्वकर्मनिरतः सिद्धिं यथा विन्दति तच्छृणु ॥ ४५ ॥sve sve karmaṇyabhirataḥ saṁsiddhiṁ labhate naraḥ, svakarmanirataḥ siddhiṁ yathā vindati tacchṛṇu.A man who is intent on his own natural work attains perfection.
  45. 18·46, a key verseयतः प्रवृत्तिर्भूतानां येन सर्वमिदं ततम् । स्वकर्मणा तमभ्यर्च्य सिद्धिं विन्दति मानवः ॥ ४६ ॥yataḥ pravṛttirbhūtānāṁ yena sarvamidaṁ tatam, svakarmaṇā tamabhyarcya siddhiṁ vindati mānavaḥ.He from whom all beings originate, by whom all this universe is pervaded, by worshipping Him by his own work…
  46. 18·47श्रेयान्स्वधर्मो विगुणः परधर्मात्स्वनुष्ठितात् । स्वभावनियतं कर्म कुर्वन्नाप्नोति किल्बिषम् ॥ ४७ ॥śreyānsvadharmo viguṇaḥ paradharmātsvanuṣṭhitāt, svabhāvaniyataṁ karma kurvannāpnoti kilbiṣam.Better is one’s own law of works, though in itself faulty, than an alien law well wrought out.
  47. 18·48सहजं कर्म कौन्तेय सदोषमपि न त्यजेत् । सर्वारम्भा हि दोषेण धूमेनाग्निरिवावृताः ॥ ४८ ॥sahajaṁ karma kaunteya sadoṣamapi na tyajet, sarvārambhā hi doṣeṇa dhūmenāgnirivāvṛtāḥ.The inborn work, O son of Kunti, though defective, ought not to be abandoned.
  48. 18·49असक्तबुद्धिः सर्वत्र जितात्मा विगतस्पृहः । नैष्कर्म्यसिद्धिं परमां संन्यासेनाधिगच्छति ॥ ४९ ॥asaktabuddhiḥ sarvatra jitātmā vigataspṛhaḥ, naiṣkarmyasiddhiṁ paramāṁ saṁnyāsenādhigacchati.An understanding without attachment in all things, a soul self-conquered and empty of desire, man attains by…
  49. 18·50सिद्धिं प्राप्तो यथा ब्रह्म तथाप्नोति निबोध मे । समासेनैव कौन्तेय निष्ठा ज्ञानस्य या परा ॥ ५० ॥siddhiṁ prāpto yathā brahma tathāpnoti nibodha me, samāsenaiva kaunteya niṣṭhā jñānasya yā parā.How, having attained this perfection, one thus attains to the Brahman, hear from me, O son of Kunti, – that…
  50. 18·51बुद्ध्या विशुद्धया युक्तो धृत्यात्मानं नियम्य च । शब्दादीन्विषयांस्त्यक्त्वा रागद्वेषौ व्युदस्य च ॥ ५१ ॥buddhyā viśuddhayā yukto dhṛtyātmānaṁ niyamya ca, śabdādīnviṣayāṁstyaktvā rāgadveṣau vyudasya ca.Uniting the purified intelligence (with the pure spiritual substance in us), controlling the whole being by…
  51. 18·52विविक्तसेवी लघ्वाशी यतवाक्कायमानसः । ध्यानयोगपरो नित्यं वैराग्यं समुपाश्रितः ॥ ५२ ॥viviktasevī laghvāśī yatavākkāyamānasaḥ, dhyānayogaparo nityaṁ vairāgyaṁ samupāśritaḥ.Resorting to impersonal solitude, abstemious, speech, body and mind controlled, constantly united with the…
  52. 18·53अहङ्कारं बलं दर्पं कामं क्रोधं परिग्रहम् । विमुच्य निर्ममः शान्तो ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ॥ ५३ ॥ahaṅkāraṁ balaṁ darpaṁ kāmaṁ krodhaṁ parigraham, vimucya nirmamaḥ śānto brahmabhūyāya kalpate.Having put away egoism, violence, arrogance, desire, wrath, the sense and instinct of possession, free from…
  53. 18·54ब्रह्मभूतः प्रसन्नात्मा न शोचति न काङ्क्षति । समः सर्वेषु भूतेषु मद्भक्तिं लभते पराम् ॥ ५४ ॥brahmabhūtaḥ prasannātmā na śocati na kāṅkṣati, samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu madbhaktiṁ labhate parām.When one has become the Brahman, when one, serene in the Self, neither grieves nor desires, when one is equal…
  54. 18·55, a key verseभक्त्या मामभिजानाति यावान्यश्चास्मि तत्त्वतः । ततो मां तत्त्वतो ज्ञात्वा विशते तदनन्तरम् ॥ ५५ ॥bhaktyā māmabhijānāti yāvānyaścāsmi tattvataḥ, tato māṁ tattvato jñātvā viśate tadanantaram.By devotion he comes to know Me, who and how much I am and in all the reality and principles of My being…
  55. 18·56सर्वकर्माण्यपि सदा कुर्वाणो मद्व्यपाश्रयः । मत्प्रसादादवाप्नोति शाश्वतं पदमव्ययम् ॥ ५६ ॥sarvakarmāṇyapi sadā kurvāṇo madvyapāśrayaḥ, matprasādādavāpnoti śāśvataṁ padamavyayam.And by doing also all actions always lodged in Me he attains by My grace the eternal and imperishable status.
  56. 18·57चेतसा सर्वकर्माणि मयि संन्यस्य मत्परः । बुद्धियोगमुपाश्रित्य मच्चित्तः सततं भव ॥ ५७ ॥cetasā sarvakarmāṇi mayi saṁnyasya matparaḥ, buddhiyogamupāśritya maccittaḥ satataṁ bhava.Devoting all thyself to Me, giving up in thy conscious mind all thy actions into Me, resorting to Yoga of the…
  57. 18·58मच्चित्तः सर्वदुर्गाणि मत्प्रसादात्तरिष्यसि । अथ चेत्त्वमहङ्कारान्न श्रोष्यसि विनङ्क्ष्यसि ॥ ५८ ॥maccittaḥ sarvadurgāṇi matprasādāttariṣyasi, atha cettvamahaṅkārānna śroṣyasi vinaṅkṣyasi.If thou art one in heart and consciousness with Me at all times, then by My grace thou shalt pass safe through…
  58. 18·59यदहङ्कारमाश्रित्य न योत्स्य इति मन्यसे । मिथ्यैष व्यवसायस्ते प्रकृतिस्त्वां नियोक्ष्यति ॥ ५९ ॥yadahaṅkāramāśritya na yotsya iti manyase, mithyaiṣa vyavasāyaste prakṛtistvāṁ niyokṣyati.Vain is this thy resolve, that in thy egoism thou thinkest, saying “I will not fight”…
  59. 18·60स्वभावजेन कौन्तेय निबद्धः स्वेन कर्मणा । कर्तुं नेच्छसि यन्मोहात्करिष्यस्यवशोऽपि तत् ॥ ६० ॥svabhāvajena kaunteya nibaddhaḥ svena karmaṇā, kartuṁ necchasi yanmohātkariṣyasyavaśopi tat.What from delusion thou desirest not to do, O Kaunteya, that helplessly thou shalt do bound by thy own work…
  60. 18·61ईश्वरः सर्वभूतानां हृद्देशेऽर्जुन तिष्ठति । भ्रामयन्सर्वभूतानि यन्त्रारूढानि मायया ॥ ६१ ॥īśvaraḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ hṛddeśe’rjuna tiṣṭhati, bhrāmayansarvabhūtāni yantrārūḍhāni māyayā.The Lord, O Arjuna, is seated in the heart of all beings turning all beings mounted upon a machine by his Maya.
  61. 18·62तमेव शरणं गच्छ सर्वभावेन भारत । तत्प्रसादात्परां शान्तिं स्थानं प्राप्स्यसि शाश्वतम् ॥ ६२ ॥tameva śaraṇaṁ gaccha sarvabhāvena bhārata, tatprasādātparāṁ śāntiṁ sthānaṁ prāpsyasi śāśvatam.In him take refuge in every way of thy being and by his grace thou shalt come to the supreme peace and the…
  62. 18·63इति ते ज्ञानमाख्यातं गुह्याद्गुह्यतरं मया । विमृश्यैतदशेषेण यथेच्छसि तथा कुरु ॥ ६३ ॥iti te jñānamākhyātaṁ guhyādguhyataraṁ mayā, vimṛśyaitadaśeṣeṇa yathecchasi tathā kuru.So have I expounded to thee a knowledge more secret than that which is hidden…
  63. 18·64सर्वगुह्यतमं भूयः शृणु मे परमं वचः । इष्टोऽसि मे दृढमिति ततो वक्ष्यामि ते हितम् ॥ ६४ ॥sarvaguhyatamaṁ bhūyaḥ śṛṇu me paramaṁ vacaḥ, iṣṭo’si me dṛḍhamiti tato vakṣyāmi te hitam.Further hear the most secret, the supreme word that I shall speak to thee…
  64. 18·65, a key verseमन्मना भव मद्भक्तो मद्याजी मां नमस्कुरु । मामेवैष्यसि सत्यं ते प्रतिजाने प्रियोऽसि मे ॥ ६५ ॥manmanā bhava madbhakto madyājī māṁ namaskuru, māmevaiṣyasi satyaṁ te pratijāne priyo’si me.Become my-minded, my lover and adorer, a sacrificer to Me, bow thyself to Me, to Me thou shalt come, this is…
  65. 18·66, a key verseसर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य मामेकं शरणं व्रज । अहं त्वा सर्वपापेभ्यो मोक्षयिष्यामि मा शुचः ॥ ६६ ॥sarvadharmānparityajya māmekaṁ śaraṇaṁ vraja, ahaṁ tvā sarvapāpebhyo mokṣayiṣyāmi mā śucaḥ.Abandon all dharmas and take refuge in Me alone. I will deliver thee from all sin and evil, do not grieve.
  66. 18·67इदं ते नातपस्काय नाभक्ताय कदाचन । न चाशुश्रूषवे वाच्यं न च मां योऽभ्यसूयति ॥ ६७ ॥idaṁ te nātapaskāya nābhaktāya kadācana, na cāśuśrūṣave vācyaṁ na ca māṁ yo’bhyasūyati.Never is this to be spoken by thee to one without askesis, not to one that is not devoted and not to him who…
  67. 18·68य इमं परमं गुह्यं मद्भक्तेष्वभिधास्यति । भक्तिं मयि परां कृत्वा मामेवैष्यत्यसंशयः ॥ ६८ ॥ya imaṁ paramaṁ guhyaṁ madbhakteṣvabhidhāsyati, bhaktiṁ mayi parāṁ kṛtvā māmevaiṣyatyasaṁśayaḥ.He who with the highest devotion for Me, shall declare this supreme secret among My devotees, without doubt he…
  68. 18·69न च तस्मान्मनुष्येषु कश्चिन्मे प्रियकृत्तमः । भविता न च मे तस्मादन्यः प्रियतरो भुवि ॥ ६९ ॥na ca tasmānmanuṣyeṣu kaścinme priyakṛttamaḥ, bhavitā na ca me tasmādanyaḥ priyataro bhuvi.And there is none among men that does more than he what is most dear to Me…
  69. 18·70अध्येष्यते च य इमं धर्म्यं संवादमावयोः । ज्ञानयज्ञेन तेनाहमिष्टः स्यामिति मे मतिः ॥ ७० ॥adhyeṣyate ca ya imaṁ dharmyaṁ saṁvādamāvayoḥ, jñānayajñena tenāhamiṣṭaḥ syāmiti me matiḥ.And he who shall study this sacred discourse of ours, by him I shall be worshipped with the sacrifice of…
  70. 18·71श्रद्धावाननसूयश्च शृणुयादपि यो नरः । सोऽपि मुक्तः शुभाँल्लोकान्प्राप्नुयात्पुण्यकर्मणाम् ॥ ७१ ॥śraddhāvān anasūyaśca śṛṇuyādapi yo naraḥ, so’pi muktaḥ śubhāṁllokānprāpnuyātpuṇyakarmaṇām.The man also who, full of faith and uncarping, listens to this, even he, being liberated, attains to the happy…
  71. 18·72कच्चिदेतच्छ्रुतं पार्थ त्वयैकाग्रेण चेतसा । कच्चिदज्ञानसम्मोहः प्रनष्टस्ते धनञ्जय ॥ ७२ ॥kaccidetacchrutaṁ pārtha tvayaikāgreṇa cetasā, kaccidajñānasammohaḥ pranaṣṭaste dhanañjaya.Hath this been heard by thee, O son of Pritha, with a concentrated mind?

Arjuna uvācaअर्जुन उवाच

  1. 18·73, a key verseनष्टो मोहः स्मृतिर्लब्धा त्वत्प्रसादान्मयाच्युत । स्थितोऽस्मि गतसन्देहः करिष्ये वचनं तव ॥ ७३ ॥naṣṭo mohaḥ smṛtirlabdhā tvatprasādānmayācyuta, sthito’smi gatasandehaḥ kariṣye vacanaṁ tava.Destroyed is my delusion, I have regained memory through Thy grace, O Infallible One, I am firm, dispelled are…

Sañjaya uvācaसञ्जय उवाच

  1. 18·74इत्यहं वासुदेवस्य पार्थस्य च महात्मनः । संवादमिममश्रौषमद्भुतं रोमहर्षणम् ॥ ७४ ॥ityahaṁ vāsudevasya pārthasya ca mahātmanaḥ, saṁvādamimamaśrauṣamadbhutaṁ romaharṣaṇam.I heard this wonderful discourse of Vasudeva and of the great-souled Partha, causing my hair to stand on end.
  2. 18·75व्यासप्रसादाच्छ्रुतवानेतद्गुह्यमहं परम् । योगं योगेश्वरात्कृष्णात्साक्षात्कथयतः स्वयम् ॥ ७५ ॥vyāsaprasādācchrutavānetadguhyamahaṁ param, yogaṁ yogeśvarātkṛṣṇātsākṣātkathayataḥ svayam.Through the grace of Vyasa I heard this supreme secret, this Yoga directly from Krishna, the divine Master of…
  3. 18·76, a key verseराजन्संस्मृत्य संस्मृत्य संवादमिममद्भुतम् । केशवार्जुनयोः पुण्यं हृष्यामि च मुहुर्मुहुः ॥ ७६ ॥rājansaṁsmṛtya saṁsmṛtya saṁvādamimamadbhutam, keśavārjunayoḥ puṇyaṁ hṛṣyāmi ca muhurmuhuḥ.O King, remembering, remembering this wonderful and sacred discourse of Keshava and Arjuna, I rejoice again…
  4. 18·77तच्च संस्मृत्य संस्मृत्य रूपमत्यद्भुतं हरेः । विस्मयो मे महान् राजन् हृष्यामि च पुनः पुनः ॥ ७७ ॥tacca saṁsmṛtya saṁsmṛtya rūpamatyadbhutaṁ hareḥ, vismayo me mahān rājan hṛṣyāmi ca punaḥ punaḥ.Remembering, remembering also that most marvellous form of Hari, great is my wonder, O King.
  5. 18·78यत्र योगेश्वरः कृष्णो यत्र पार्थो धनुर्धरः । तत्र श्रीर्विजयो भूतिर्ध्रुवा नीतिर्मतिर्मम ॥ ७८ ॥yatra yogeśvaraḥ kṛṣṇo yatra pārtho dhanurdharaḥ, tatra śrīrvijayo bhūtirdhruvā nītirmatirmama.Wherever is Krishna, the Master of Yoga, wherever is Partha, the archer, assured are there glory, victory and…

End of the chapter

ॐ तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सुब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादेमोक्षसंन्यासयोगो नाम अष्टादशोऽध्यायः ॥ १८॥

om tatsaditi śrīmadbhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsubrahmavidyāyāṁ yogaśāstre śrīkṛṣṇārjunasaṁvādemokṣasaṁnyāsayogo nāma aṣṭādaśo’dhyāyaḥ

Thus, in the Upanishad sung by the Lord, the science of Brahman, the scripture of Yoga, the dialogue between Sri Krishna and Arjuna, ends the eighteenth chapter entitled “The Yoga of Liberation by Renunciation”

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